课程解读
一、学习目标：
1.
了解数词的含义、分类
2.
掌握基数词和序数词的特点及用法
3.
了解冠词的含义、分类
4.
掌握冠词的基本用法
二、重点、难点：
1.
序数词的用法
2. 冠词的常见用法
三、考情分析：
根据对全国各地中考考试题目中冠词部分的分析可知，今后该部分考点主要分布在单项选择、完形填空和短文改错三大题型中。冠词和数词部分主要考查：
1. 不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词的基本用法
2. 冠词常见的习惯搭配
3. 基数词的用法
4. 序数词的用法
四、知能提升
（一）知识讲解
数词
数词：表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫数词。数词有两种：表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如：one，ten， twenty-three；表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如：first，third，twentieth。
英语名称：Numeral 缩写形式：num.
1. 基数词
基数词相当于名词，在句中可作主语、表语、定语、状语等。
［例句］Three of
my classmates are from Shanghai.
I am twenty this year.
They have four classes in the
morning and three in the afternoon.
2. 序数词
1)序数词的构成：
★大多数的序数词是由基数词加-th构成。如：seven―
seventh；ten― tenth
★以-t结尾的基数词只在词尾加-h。如：eight― eighth
★以-ve结尾的基数词改-ve为-f再加-th。如：five―
fifth；twelve― twelfth
★以-y结尾的基数词改-y为-ie再加-th。如：twenty―
twentieth，thirty― thirtieth
★几十几的序数词只在个位数上有所改变。如：twenty-one― twenty-first；thirty-three― thirty-third
★特殊的序数词：
one― first；two― second；three―
third；nine― ninth
2)序数词的用法：
序数词在句中同样可作主语、表语、定语、状语等。
［例句］June the first is Children’s Day.
When did you first
meet each other?
She was the last
to arrive.
【巧学妙记】基数词变序数词歌诀
3. 数词的用法：
1)表示年、月、日，“年”用基数词，“日”用序数词。如：May eleventh，2010
2)表示时间。如：
It’s eleven twenty.
3)表示编号。编号既可以用基数词表示，也可以用序数词表示。区别是基数词用在名词之后，序数词用于名词之前，并加定冠词。如：Lesson Nine；the Ninth Lesson
4)序数词前加冠词“a”表示“再一次”。如：Can I try a second time?
5)当其hundred，thousand，million，billion前有数词时为实数意义，它们的词尾不能加s。当其前无数词时为虚数意义，hundred，thousand，million，billion等词的词尾可加s，并可与of连用，构成短语。如：five
hundred students；millions of people
4. 与数词相关的主谓一致原则
1)当名词短语的中心词为表示时间、路程、金钱或重量等的复数名词时，往往根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语采用单数形式。
［例句］Twenty
dollars is not enough.二十美元不够。
2）如果“数词”是单用时，则表示人或物，谓语动词一般用复数。
［例句］Three were killed and ten were
missing in that accident.
在那起事故中，三人被杀，十人失踪。
【考题链接】
1. —What’s
the time, please?
—It’s
_______.
A. nine thirty-five
B. forty-eight past six
C. fifty-five to four D. thirty-one two
答案：A
思路分析：表示时间应用基数词。时间的表达方式有多种，可直接说出时间；若没有超过三十分钟的用past表示；若超过三十分钟的用to表示。
2. January is _______ month of the
year.
A. one
B. the one C. first
D. the first
答案：D
思路分析：在英语中表示“第一、第二、第三”等应用序数词，并在其前加定冠词the。
3. There are _______ days in a year.
A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundred and sixty-five
C. the third hundred sixty-five D. third hundred and sixty-five
答案：B
思路分析：表示数目多少时用基数词。当hundred, thousand, million, billion前有具体的数词时，其后不能加-s，但在hundreds of, thousands of,
millions of, billions of 短语中则要用其复数形式。
4. The computer was cheap. I spent
only two _______ yuan on it.
A. thousands B.
thousand C. thousands of D.
thousand of
答案：B
思路分析：与数词连用的thousand其后不能加-s，也不能与of连用。
5. Now children, turn to page
_______ and look at the _______ picture in Lesson Two.
A. twentieth, one B. twenty, one C. twentieth, first D. twenty, first
答案：D
思路分析：表示“页码”时应用基数词，表示“第……幅图”时应用序数词。
冠词
冠词：冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。
冠词有三种：一种是定冠词(the Definite Article) the; 一种是不定冠词(the Indefinite Article)
a, an; 还有一种是零冠词(Zero Article)。
英语名称：Article 缩写形式：art
1. 不定冠词的用法：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于元音音素开头的单词前。
①泛指一类人或物。
This is a pencil-box.
She’s a doctor.
②指不具体的某个人或物。
An old man is in the front of the house.
③用在序数词前，相当于another。
There’s a third boy near the shop.
④表示“每一（个）”,相当于every。
They have music lessons twice a week.
⑤固定搭配。
a lot of, a lot, a box of, a quarter, half an hour, three times a day
2. 定冠词的用法
（1）表示上文中所提到过的人或物。
I have two children, a boy and a girl. The boy’s name is Mark. The girl’s name is Penny.
（2）特指某（些）人或物。
The girl in a red dress
comes from
（3）指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或物。
My shoes are under the bed.
（4）用在序数词前。
Monday is the second day of a week.
（5）用在姓氏复数前,表示“某某一家人”或“某某夫妇”。
The Kings come from
（6）用在乐器前。
play the piano／guitar／violin
（7）用在某些专有名词和习惯用语中。
the United Nations, the Great Wall, in the day, in the middle of, on the right
（8）用在世界上独一无二的事物前（如太阳、月亮、世界、地球、天空、宇宙等）。
The moon moves round the earth.
3. 不用冠词的情况
（1）名词前有指示代词this, that, these, those等时不用冠词。
That girl is my friend.
（2）名词前有物主代词my, your, his, her, their等时不用冠词。
Lucy is her sister.
（3）名词前有whose, which, any, every等代词时不用冠词。
Which man is Mr. Green？
Every student has a beautiful picture.
（4）球类运动和棋类游戏前不用冠词。
play basketball／soccer／chess
（5）在三餐前不用冠词。
have breakfast／lunch／supper／dinner
（6）在人名、地名、节假日、星期、月份前不用冠词。
（7）在学科和节目名称前不用冠词。
My favorite subject is English.
（8）在某些固定搭配中不用冠词。
at noon, at work, at home,by bus, on foot, at night, go to school, go to bed, at last
4. 在有些短语中，用冠词和不用冠词在意思上有较大区别。
in hospital（在住院）； in the hospital（在医院）
at table（吃饭,用餐）； at the table（在桌旁）
in front of（在某个范围之外的前面）； in the front of（在某个范围之内的前面）
【考题链接】
1. I’m going to see my mother. She is ill ____.
A. in hospital B. in the hospital C. in a hospital D. at a hospital
答案：A
思路分析：in hospital表示“生病住院”，in the hospital表示“在医院里面”，可能是工作，并不一定是生病。也可以用介词at。
2. We have three meals ______day. We have_____ breakfast at 6:
A. the, the, the B. the, /, the C. a, /, the D. a, the, the
答案：C
思路分析：a表示“每一（个）”,相当于every。早餐前面不加冠词。in the morning表示在早晨。
3. —Tina，could you please play＿＿＿＿ piano for me while I’m singing?
—With pleasure.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
答案：C
思路分析：在乐器前要用the。
4. _________ sun is shining brightly.
A. A B. An C. The D. /
答案：C
思路分析：表示世上独一无二的事物时用the。
(二) 提分技巧
1.
序数词前面加定冠词the
, 表示顺序，即“第几”；加不定冠词a/an, 表示“再一次，又一次”，相当于another。
2.
hundred, thousand等词，与数词连用，用单数；与of连用，用复数。
3.
a/an表示泛指,
the表示特指。一般情况下，第一次出现的人和物用a/an,
第二次出现时，用the。
4.
名词前面加the,
名词表示具体的建筑物或实物；名词前面零冠词，名词表示抽象的概念。
（三）即学即练
<一>根据所给的汉语及句意，用恰当的单词或短语完成句子：
1. There are ___________ (三十或三十一) days in a month.
2. The man lives on ___________ (四十) floor.
3. What will be the population of
the world by the end of the ___________ (二十)
century?
4. Mother’s Day is on the
___________ (第二) Sunday in May.
5. About ___________ (一半) of his books are in English.
6. There is ___________ picture of ___________elephant on
___________wall．
7. This is ___________useful book．I've
read it for ___________ hour．
8. Let's go out for ___________walk．
9. It's too hot．Open
___________door，please．
10. There is ___________woman over there．
___________ woman is Meimei's mother．
<二>单项选择
1. There are_______
months in a year. December is the_______ month of the year.
A. twelve; twelve B.
twelve; twelfth
C. twelfth; twelve D.
twelfth; twelfth
2 There are two______ people in the meeting room.
A. hundred B.
hundreds C. hundreds of D. hundred of
3. My brother is in_______.
A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade One
C. Grade One, Class Three D. class three, grade one
4. He will come here
_______ tomorrow morning.
A.
at fifth B.
at ten C.
on two D.
till tenth
5. There is ________ apple on the desk.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
6. The girl under _______ tree is my sister.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
7. Mary is from
________
A. a B. the C. an D. /
8. He met ________ friend of his on the road.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
9. Mr. Black will go back to England_________.
A. by plane B. by a plane C. by trains D. at a train
10. Yesterday I went to__________ work on ___________ foot.
A. /, / B. /, the C. the， / D. the, the
预习导学
一、预习新知
寒假专题（四）—— 动词&
一般现在时
二、预习点拨
思考问题一：系动词be和行为动词的用法？
思考问题二：一般现在时的否定形式和疑问形式？
同步练习
（答题时间：30分钟）
一、单项选择
1. Tom is____ in the
row.
A.
a second B. the second C. two
D. second
2. The girl wanted to
sing____ song in English.
A.
the others B. a second C. other D. the second
3. Now let me
have____.
A.
the third try B. a third
try C. third try D.
this third try
4. There are____
months in a year. December is the ____month of the year.
A.
twelve; twelve B.
twelve; twelfth
C.
twelfth; twelve
D.
twelvfth; twelvth
5. During____ century,
the world population has already reached 6 billion.
A.
twenty B.
the twentieth C. twentieth D.
the twenty
6. Sunday is the____
day of the week.
A.
seventh B. first C.
second D. third
7. Autumn is __________
season in a year.
A.
the fourth B. the third C. a third D. the threeth
8. Tom was ______________
to get to school and I was ______.
A.
first; ninth B. a first; a
ninth C. the first; the
ninth D. the second; the nineth
9. —Does Jim have _______ ruler？
—Yes，he
has _______ ．
A. an；some B. a；one C. a；／ D. any；one
10. There is _______ old
bike. _______ old bike is Mr Zhao's.
A. an ；The B. the；An C. a；The D.
the；The
11. _______ apple a day keeps the doctors away.
A. The B. A C.
An D. Two
12. —How many books do you have？
—I have _______ book. That's
_______ English book.
A. a；an B. a；one C. one；an D. one；one
13. At that time Tom was _______ one-year-old baby.
A. a B.
an C.
the D.
／
14. _______ tiger is _______
A. The；a B. A；the C.
The；from D. The；the
15. We can't see _______sun at _______night.
A. the；the B. the；／ C. a；／ D. ／；／
16. One afternoon he found _______ handbag. There was _______ “s” on
the corner of _______ handbag.
A. a；an；the B.
a；a；the C.
an；an；an D.
the；a；a
17. _______ old lady with white hair spoke _______ English well at _______ meeting.
A. An；an；a B. The；/；an C.
The；/；a D.
The；/；the
18. _______ Great Wall is _______
longest wall in the world.
A. A；a B. The；the C.
A；the D.
The；a
19. _______ new bridge has been built over
A. The；a
B.
A；／ C.
A；the D.
An；the
20. _______ woman over there is _______ popular teacher in our school.
A. A；an B. The；a C. The；the D. A；the
二、冠词填空：在下列句中空白处填入适当的冠词，不需用冠词处划×。
1.
2. _______ Turners are living at the end of _______
3. He joined the army in _______ spring of _______ 1995.
4. _______ old man is _______ teacher. He likes playing _______ basketball
after _______ supper.
5. After I had _______ quick breakfast，I
hurried to school.
6. Are _______ sheep kept by _______ farmers for producing _______ wool
and _______ meat？
7. They went to _______ People's Park，but
we both went to _______ People's Cinema yesterday.
8. I often watch _______ TV in _______ evening.
9. _______ day of _______ December 20，1999
is Monday.
10. Tomorrow is _______ Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose _______ Christmas tree today.
11. I think _______ maths is more important than any other subject.
12. He often goes to _______ school by _______ bike.
13. What does this _______ word mean， _______ Father？
14. What _______ important news！
试题答案
一、1—5BBBBB 6—10BBCBA 11—15CCACB 16—20ADBCB
二、1. the；the。第一个the是特指美国的首都。第二个the是在由普通名词构成的专有名词前加定冠词。
2. The；the。“the
＋姓氏的复数”表示“一家人”或“夫妻二人”。由普通名词构成的专有名词前应加the。
3. the；×。表示在某一年的季节名称前应加定冠词。
4. The；a；×；×。在球类名称前不加冠词。泛指的三餐名称前也不加冠词。
5. a。三餐名称前若有形容词，则可在形容词前加冠词，此处是泛指，故用a。
6. ×/The；×/The；×；×。此句意为“农民养羊是为了产毛和肉吗？”前两个空也可填定冠词，意为：“那些农民养的那些羊是为了产毛和肉吗？”
7. the；the。由普通名词构成的专有名词前应加the。
8. ×；the。TV前不加冠词。“早、午、晚”名词前加冠词。
9. The；×。第一空是特指。表日期的名词前不加冠词。
10. ×；a。
11. ×。学科名称前一般不加冠词。
12. ×；×。go
to school上学。by bike骑自行车。
13. ×；×。指示代词不能与定冠词连用。
14. ×。注意news是不可数名词，故不能加a。