【一日一结】瓶口结（Bottle Sling）

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在攀登过程中，绳结打法的对错和速度有时关乎性命，因此熟悉各种绳结的打法与其功能是极其重要的。绳结技术的掌握来自不断的练习，体会。初时可按图依样，然后离开书练习，甚至单手打出。每一个步骤都要非常正确，毫不含糊。要做到在黑暗中或其他各种条件下能自如打结，同时也应知道如何解开结，因为在许多危险时刻，不会解开结比不会打结更糟糕。所有的绳结在完成后都需收紧才能使用，同时绳端至少预留5厘米，以免意外松脱。

瓶口结（Bottle Sling）

瓶口结拥有悠久的历史，早在公元一世纪，希腊医生Heraklas就在他的医学著作中对这个绳结进行了具体描述。任何形状、重量的瓶子均能巧妙地吊起来。

The bottle sling (or jug sling/ Scoutcraft Knot) is a knot which can be used to create a handle for a glass or ceramic container with a slippery narrow neck, as long as the neck widens slightly near the top.

方法

瓶口结是先将绳子对折，然后再对折，形成两个绳圈，绳圈重叠交叉，右边绳圈绕过下面绳环从交叉圈中穿出，翻折两个绳环，调整绳结，中间镂空部分就可以套在瓶口上了，拉紧完成。

Tying

Perhaps not surprisingly—given three were already known to the ancient Greeks—there are many methods to tie the bottle sling. Swedish physiologist and knot researcher Hjalmar Öhrvall listed eight in his 1916 book Om Knutar.

One method for tying the bottle sling is similar to the loop-and-weave method used to tie the jury mast knot and the trumpet knot. The knot is begun by making a bight in a piece of rope and folding the bight back on itself to make two separated loops that are mirror images of each other. Lay one loop on top of the other so that they overlap slightly and create a cat's eye shaped hole above a triangular shaped hole between the two loops. Make a bird's beak with your index and thumb and weave them down through the loop, up through the cat's eye and down through the bottom loop, bunching the coils of rope against your fingers. Pinch the section of rope that was the bottom of the triangle and flip the coils over the pinched section. The flip may take a little practice, but the pinched section should become a short bight hanging off a circular shaped knot.

Usage

As the name suggests, the primary use for this knot is to suspend bottles, jugs, and other items with similar shapes. The space at the center of the knot is dropped over the top of a bottle or similar object. Firmly pulling on all four ends emerging from the knot tightens it against the neck of the bottle. Looping the running ends through the bight and tying them together will make a sling that grips and can be used to lift the bottle. This provides a convenient method of lowering a beverage bottle from a boat into the water to chill.

As mentioned above, the knot is believed to have been used medically in ancient Greece for applying traction in the reduction of fractures and dislocations. However it is not known to have any current medical application.

The knot is also said to have been used as an improvised emergency bridle when rope was the only material at hand. Its use is described with the central parts of the knot acting as a bit, one of the knot's outer bights passing over the top of the animal's muzzle, and the other passing under the jaw to form the noseband. The closed loop end of the knot would be placed over the animal's head and behind the ears, as a crownpiece, and the two free ends coming off under the chin used as reins. It was intended only for temporary use. However at least one author has disputed this as "nonsense" and suggests its only proper equestrian use is in a doubled form, in this context known as a hackamore knot, to secure the fiador to the bosal in some hackamore designs.

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